Let's dive into the exhilarating world of rally racing and explore one of its iconic legends: the Toyota Celica GT Four ST185 WRC. This car isn't just a vehicle; it's a symbol of Toyota's dominance in the World Rally Championship (WRC) during the early 1990s. We're going to explore what made this car so special, its technical features, its racing history, and why it remains a beloved classic among rally enthusiasts and car collectors alike. So, buckle up and get ready for a ride through the legacy of the Celica GT Four ST185 WRC!

A Brief History of the Toyota Celica GT Four ST185

The Toyota Celica has a rich history, evolving through several generations since its introduction in the early 1970s. The GT Four variant, specifically the ST165, ST185, and ST205, marked Toyota's serious foray into all-wheel-drive rally cars. The ST185, produced from 1989 to 1993, is arguably the most successful of these, achieving significant milestones in the WRC.

Development and Evolution

The ST185 was developed to replace the ST165, building upon its predecessor's strengths while addressing its weaknesses. Toyota aimed to create a more competitive car that could consistently challenge for wins in the WRC. The development process involved extensive testing and collaboration between Toyota's engineers and its rally team, Toyota Team Europe (TTE), led by Ove Andersson. The goal was clear: to create a reliable, powerful, and agile machine capable of conquering diverse rally stages around the world.

Key Improvements Over the ST165

Compared to the ST165, the ST185 featured several key improvements:

• Enhanced Aerodynamics: The ST185 boasted a more aerodynamic design, improving stability and reducing drag at high speeds.
• Improved Engine Performance: The 3S-GTE engine was refined to deliver more power and torque, enhancing acceleration and overall performance.
• Stronger Transmission: The transmission was strengthened to handle the increased power output and the demands of rally racing.
• Advanced Suspension System: The suspension system was upgraded to provide better handling and control on rough and uneven surfaces.

These improvements collectively made the ST185 a formidable competitor in the WRC, setting the stage for its remarkable success in the early 1990s. Toyota's commitment to continuous improvement and innovation was evident in the development of the ST185, solidifying its position as a leader in rally technology.

Technical Specifications of the ST185 WRC

The Toyota Celica GT Four ST185 WRC wasn't just about looking good; it was a powerhouse of engineering and innovation. Let's break down the technical specifications that made this car a rally legend.

Engine and Drivetrain

• Engine Type: 2.0-liter inline-4, turbocharged (3S-GTE)
• Horsepower: Approximately 300 hp (depending on the specific WRC setup)
• Torque: Around 330 lb-ft
• Drivetrain: Full-time all-wheel drive (AWD)
• Transmission: 6-speed manual

The 3S-GTE engine was a marvel of its time, featuring a robust design and advanced turbocharging technology. It provided the ST185 with ample power and torque, allowing it to accelerate quickly and maintain high speeds on various terrains. The full-time all-wheel-drive system ensured optimal traction and control, crucial for navigating the unpredictable conditions of rally stages. The 6-speed manual transmission offered precise gear changes, enabling drivers to extract maximum performance from the engine.

Suspension and Brakes

• Suspension: Independent front and rear suspension with MacPherson struts
• Dampers: Adjustable dampers to fine-tune the car's handling characteristics
• Brakes: Ventilated disc brakes with 4-piston calipers

The suspension system of the ST185 was designed to handle the extreme stresses of rally racing. The independent front and rear suspension, combined with adjustable dampers, allowed the team to fine-tune the car's handling characteristics to suit different rally stages. The ventilated disc brakes provided excellent stopping power, essential for controlling the car's speed on challenging descents and tight corners. The brake system was engineered to withstand the high temperatures generated during intense braking, ensuring consistent performance throughout a rally event.

Chassis and Body

• Chassis: Lightweight steel monocoque
• Body: Steel with composite panels
• Weight: Approximately 1,200 kg (depending on the specific WRC setup)

The ST185 featured a lightweight steel monocoque chassis, providing a strong and rigid foundation for the car. The body was constructed from a combination of steel and composite panels, further reducing weight and improving the car's overall performance. The reduced weight enhanced the car's agility and responsiveness, making it easier to maneuver through tight corners and over rough terrain. The chassis and body were designed to withstand the impacts and stresses of rally racing, ensuring the car's structural integrity and the safety of the driver and co-driver.

WRC Success and Achievements

The Toyota Celica GT Four ST185 WRC achieved considerable success in the World Rally Championship, solidifying its place in rally history.

Key Victories and Championships

• 1992 WRC Driver's Championship: Carlos Sainz
• 1993 WRC Driver's Championship: Juha Kankkunen
• 1994 WRC Manufacturer's Championship: Toyota Team Europe

Under the guidance of Toyota Team Europe (TTE), the ST185 secured numerous victories and podium finishes in WRC events around the globe. The car's reliability, performance, and handling prowess made it a favorite among drivers and a nightmare for competitors. The 1992 and 1993 Driver's Championships, won by Carlos Sainz and Juha Kankkunen respectively, showcased the car's ability to consistently perform at the highest level. The 1994 Manufacturer's Championship was a testament to Toyota's engineering excellence and the dedication of the entire team.

Notable Drivers

Several legendary drivers piloted the ST185 to victory, including:

• Carlos Sainz
• Juha Kankkunen
• Didier Auriol

These drivers, with their exceptional skill and experience, were instrumental in the ST185's success. Their ability to extract maximum performance from the car in challenging conditions contributed significantly to Toyota's rally dominance. The drivers' feedback also played a crucial role in the continuous development and improvement of the car, ensuring it remained competitive throughout its WRC career.

Controversies

Despite its success, the ST185 was not without its controversies. In 1995, Toyota was found to have used an illegal turbo restrictor modification that provided a significant performance advantage. This led to Toyota being banned from the 1995 WRC season and stripped of its points. While this incident cast a shadow over the car's legacy, it does not diminish its achievements and the impact it had on rally racing. The controversy highlighted the intense competition and the lengths to which teams would go to gain an edge, but it also underscored the importance of adhering to the rules and regulations of the sport.

Legacy and Impact

The Toyota Celica GT Four ST185 WRC left an indelible mark on the world of rally racing. Its success, innovation, and distinctive design have made it a beloved classic among enthusiasts and collectors.

Influence on Future Rally Cars

The ST185 influenced the design and engineering of future rally cars. Its advanced all-wheel-drive system, powerful turbocharged engine, and sophisticated suspension system set a new standard for rally car performance. Many of the technologies and design features pioneered by the ST185 were adopted by other manufacturers, shaping the evolution of rally car design for years to come. The influence of the ST185 can still be seen in modern rally cars, a testament to its groundbreaking engineering and design.

Collectibility and Value

Today, the Toyota Celica GT Four ST185 WRC is a highly sought-after collector's item. Original WRC cars and well-preserved examples command significant prices at auctions and private sales. The car's rarity, historical significance, and iconic status make it a prized possession for car collectors and rally enthusiasts. The collectibility and value of the ST185 are driven by its WRC success, its distinctive design, and its limited production numbers. Owning an ST185 is not just about owning a car; it's about owning a piece of rally history.

Cultural Significance

The ST185 has also had a significant impact on popular culture. It has appeared in numerous video games, movies, and television shows, further cementing its status as a cultural icon. Its distinctive design and rally pedigree have made it a favorite among car enthusiasts and gamers alike. The cultural significance of the ST185 extends beyond the world of motorsports, making it a recognizable and beloved symbol of automotive excellence.

Conclusion

The Toyota Celica GT Four ST185 WRC is more than just a rally car; it's a symbol of Toyota's commitment to excellence and innovation in motorsports. Its success in the WRC, its advanced engineering, and its distinctive design have made it a legend in the world of rally racing. Whether you're a die-hard rally fan, a car collector, or simply someone who appreciates automotive history, the ST185 is a car that deserves recognition and admiration. Its legacy continues to inspire and captivate, ensuring its place in the pantheon of rally legends for generations to come. So, the next time you hear the roar of a turbocharged engine and the squeal of tires on gravel, remember the Toyota Celica GT Four ST185 WRC – a true icon of rally history.